Understanding Key Mortgage Terms for Homebuyers

The mortgage process can often be a confusing one — whether you’ve bought a home before or not. There’s a lot of prep work and moving parts, and most of the terminology is unfamiliar to the average consumer.

Fortunately, that last part is an easy fix.

Are you getting ready to buy a home or refinance your current mortgage? Take a look at some of the lesser-known terms you might want to know.

  • Annual Percentage Rate (APR): This number reflects the total annual cost of taking out your mortgage loan. It’s different from your mortgage interest rate and includes some extra fees.
  • Underwriting: When a loan professional evaluates your application and verifies all your financial details, that’s underwriting. It’s important to ensure that you have the means to manage your new monthly payment.
  • Escrow: An escrow account is used to hold funds prior to closing, including your earnest money deposit. You might also pay into an escrow account to cover property taxes, homeowners insurance and private mortgage insurance (if you have it).
  • Closing Disclosure: This is a document that you’ll be given at least three days before your closing date. It should detail all the final costs of your loan, as well as what you’ll be expected to pay on closing day.
  • Mortgage Note: You’ll sign this document at closing.It outlines the terms of your home loan and includes how much you’re borrowing, whether it’s a fixed-rate or adjustable-rate mortgage and more.
  • Prepaid Costs: These also come up at closing and will go into your escrow account. They usually cover mortgage interest, property taxes and homeowners insurance expenses that occur between your closing date and the date your first mortgage payment is due.

If you need help understanding any part of the mortgage process, get in touch today.

How to Access KHC’s $12,500 Down Payment Assistance

Kentucky Down Payment Assistance

This type of loan is administered by KHC in the state of Kentucky. They typically have $12,500  down payment assistance year around, that is in the form of a second mortgage that you pay back over 15 years at a interest rate of   4.75% depending on your income in the household.

Joel has worked with KHC for 12 of his 20 years in the mortgage lending business. Joel said, “A lot of my clients would not have been able to purchase a home of their own or possibly delayed their purchase due to lack of down payment but with the $6,000 DAP loan program, this gets them into a house sooner and starts their path to homeownership while building equity instead of throwing their money away.”

When you’re ready to purchase a home in Joel’s area, contact him at:
Phone: 502-905-3708
Email: Kentuckyloan@gmail.com
Website: www.mylouisvillekentuckymortgage.com

Kentucky FHA Manual Underwriting: A Complete Guide

 

KENTUCKY FHA MORTGAGE MANUAL UNDERWRITING GUIDELINES FOR VA RESIDUAL INCOME

 

Kentucky FHA Mortgage  Manual Undewriting Guidelines for FHA Mortgage Refer Eligible or Manual Downgrades

 

Continue reading “Kentucky FHA Manual Underwriting: A Complete Guide”

Kentucky FHA Appraisal Requirements For A Mortgage Loan Approval.

Kentucky FHA Appraisal Requirements For A Mortgage Loan Approval.
Kentucky FHA Appraisal Requirements For A Mortgage Loan Approval.

  • Ordered through a third party source. Interested/vested parties may not initiate the appraisal. I.E> buyers, sellers, realtors, loan officer, family members
  • Property must meet HUD’s minimum property standards. i.e.: permanent heat source, utilities must be on and in working order at time of inspection
  • Flips < 90 days – not allowed Per HUD -If current owner owned less than 90 days FHA will not insure. Sometimes a second appraisal will be required by FHA investor if sold within the last 6 months for a large profit. Receipts of work done may be needed to substantiate  increase in value of home in short-time period.
  • Transferred appraisal – ok
  • Appraisal valid 120 days – 30 day extension possible*
  • Property eligibility – No location restrictions.
  • New Construction Available

Kentucky FHA Appraisal Requirements For A Mortgage Loan Approval.
Kentucky FHA Appraisal Requirements For A Mortgage Loan Approval.

FHA MORTGAGE LOANS AND FLIPPING RULE FOR APPRAISALS
Resales Occurring 90 Days or Fewer after Acquisition:
 Not eligible for FHA financing
Resales occurring between 91 days and 180 Days after Acquisition:
 Obtain 2nd appraisal if resold between 91 to 180 days after acquisition
 Obtain 2nd appraisal if resale price is 100% or more over price paid by seller
 If 2nd appraisal is more than 5% lower than value of first appraisal, the lower value must be used
 Borrower not allowed to pay for 2nd appraisal
Exceptions to FHA Flipping Rules:
 Property purchased by an employer or relocation company due to relocation of an employee
 Resales by HUD – REO program
 Sales by other government agencies (i.e., IRS, court-ordered, DEA, etc.)
 Sales of non-profit agencies approved to purchase HUD properties
 Acquisition due to inheritance
 Sales of properties by federally chartered financial institutions
 Sales of properties by GSE’s
 Sales of properties by local or state governments
 Sales by builders selling a new home
 Sales of properties in federally declared disaster areas
NOTE: Mortgage Company must obtain a 12-month chain of title to document time restrictions above.
VA MORTGAGE AND FLIPPING RULE

 No Flipping Rules – Overlays may apply or at Underwriter’s discretion

 
USDA RURAL HOUSING MORTGAGE FLIPPING RULES
 Lender is responsible to ensure that any recently sold property’s value is strongly supported when a significant
increase between sale and purchase occurs.
 Lender must ensure that the appraisal value is supported with validated comps and protect the borrower from
predatory lending.

Fannie Mae Appraisal Flipping Rules
 No Flipping Rules – Lender overlays may apply
Freddie Mac
 No Flipping Rules – Lender overlays may apply

Applies to case numbers assigned on or after June 1, 2022

Updates the initial appraisal validity period from 120 days to 180 days from the effective date of the appraisal report;
Extends the appraisal update validity period from 240 days to one year from the effective date of the initial appraisal report;

Allows the appraisal update to be ordered AFTER an appraisal expires; and
Eliminates the optional 30-day extension.

✨This is big news for FHA ✨

The guideline change also puts FHA appraisal expirations on par with conventional loan expiration dates.

Kentucky FHA appraisals can take home buyers by surprise. That’s why we’ve put together some good-to-know info about the process. Feel free to use this to help educate your clients.

Joel Lobb
Senior  Loan Officer
(NMLS#57916)
text or call my phone: (502) 905-3708
email me at kentuckyloan@gmail.com
The view and opinions stated on this website belong solely to the authors, and are intended for informational purposes only. The posted information does not guarantee approval, nor does it comprise full underwriting guidelines. This does not represent being part of a government agency. The views expressed on this post are mine and do not necessarily reflect the view of my employer. Not all products or services mentioned on this site may fit all people. NMLS ID# 57916, (www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org). Mortgage loans only offered in Kentucky.
All loans and lines are subject to credit approval, verification, and collateral evaluation and are originated by lender. Products and interest rates are subject to change without notice.






http://www.emailmeform.com/builder/form/0bfJs9b6bK8TGoc6mQk9hIu

 

2026 FHA Loan Options for Kentucky Homebuyers

Kentucky FHA Loan Requirements – Updated for 2026

Kentucky FHA loan guidelines are established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). FHA loans remain one of the most flexible mortgage options available to Kentucky homebuyers, particularly first-time buyers, borrowers rebuilding credit, and households using down payment assistance.

Employment and Income Requirements

Borrowers must demonstrate a stable employment history covering the most recent two years. This does not require the same employer, but the work history must show consistency in the same industry or line of work.

Recent college graduates may satisfy the two-year work history requirement by providing college transcripts, provided the current employment aligns logically with the education received.

Self-employed borrowers must document a minimum two-year history of self-employment and provide the most recent two years of federal tax returns filed with the IRS. FHA underwriting uses a two-year average of qualifying income, adjusted for business stability and trends.

All income must be verifiable through acceptable documentation such as pay stubs, W-2s, or tax returns. Cash income, undocumented deposits, or bank-statement-only income is not permitted for FHA qualifying purposes.

Down Payment Requirements

FHA loans require a minimum down payment of 3.5 percent for borrowers with credit scores of 580 or higher.

Borrowers with credit scores between 500 and 579 are limited to a maximum loan-to-value of 90 percent, requiring a minimum 10 percent down payment. In practice, most lenders apply overlays requiring higher credit scores, typically between 580 and 620, even though HUD technically allows lower scores.

Down payment funds must come from an approved source. Acceptable sources include personal savings, retirement account loans or withdrawals, and properly documented gift funds. Large or undocumented cash deposits are not allowed and remain one of the most common reasons for FHA loan delays or denials in underwriting.

Occupancy and Property Use

FHA loans are for primary residences only. The borrower must occupy the property as their primary home and move in within 60 days of closing. FHA financing may not be used for rental properties or investment homes.

Appraisal and Property Standards

The property must be appraised by a Kentucky-licensed, FHA-approved appraiser. The home must meet HUD’s minimum property standards, meaning it must be safe, sound, and secure.

Common appraisal concerns include peeling paint, exposed wiring, missing handrails, roof condition, and health or safety hazards. Most FHA appraisal issues are correctable prior to closing.

Debt-to-Income Ratio Guidelines

FHA evaluates two debt ratios:

The housing ratio (front-end), which includes principal, interest, property taxes, homeowners insurance, mortgage insurance, and HOA dues, is typically capped at 31 percent of gross monthly income.

The total debt ratio (back-end), which includes the housing payment plus all other monthly obligations reported on credit, is typically capped at 43 percent.

However, borrowers receiving an “Approve/Eligible” finding through FHA’s automated underwriting system may qualify with higher ratios, depending on credit scores, cash reserves, and other compensating factors.

Credit Score and Credit History Requirements

The minimum FHA credit score for maximum financing remains 580 in 2026. This does not guarantee approval, as lenders apply additional underwriting standards and overlays.

Borrowers must demonstrate acceptable recent payment history. FHA places significant weight on the most recent 12 months of credit performance.

Bankruptcy and Foreclosure Guidelines

Chapter 7 bankruptcy requires a minimum waiting period of two years from discharge, with re-established good credit and on-time payments afterward.

Chapter 13 bankruptcy may be eligible after at least 12 months of on-time plan payments, with trustee approval, and the borrower must qualify including the Chapter 13 payment.

Foreclosure generally requires a three-year waiting period from the date of foreclosure completion. Exceptions may be considered only for documented extenuating circumstances beyond the borrower’s control. Job relocation alone does not qualify as an extenuating circumstance.

Federal Debt and CAIVRS Requirements

Borrowers may not have delinquent federal debt, defaulted federal student loans, unpaid federal judgments, or unresolved FHA claims.

Lenders are required to check the CAIVRS (Credit Alert Interactive Voice Response System) database for all federally backed loans, including FHA, VA, USDA, and SBA loans. Title 31 of the U.S. Code prohibits delinquent federal debtors from receiving federal loan insurance or guarantees.

If a CAIVRS alert appears, the debt must be resolved or paid in full before closing.

FHA Gift Fund Rules for Down Payments

FHA permits gift funds for down payments and closing costs, provided there is no expectation of repayment.

Acceptable gift sources include relatives, employers, labor unions, close friends with a documented relationship, charitable organizations, and government or public entities.

Unacceptable gift sources include the seller, real estate agents, brokers, builders, or any party with a financial interest in the transaction.

A proper gift letter is required, stating that repayment is not expected. The donor must provide identifying information and documentation showing the transfer of funds from their account to the borrower.

Government and Employer Assistance Programs

Borrowers without access to family gift funds may qualify for state, local, or employer-assisted housing programs that provide down payment or closing cost assistance. In Kentucky, FHA loans can often be paired with Kentucky Housing Corporation (KHC) down payment assistance programs, subject to income limits and program availability.

How FHA Loans Are Used in Kentucky

FHA does not directly lend money. Instead, it insures loans made by FHA-approved lenders. These loans are designed for borrowers with limited down payment funds, past credit challenges, or non-traditional credit profiles.

Many Kentucky borrowers who do not qualify for conventional financing are still able to achieve homeownership through FHA-insured loans at competitive interest rates.

Pros and Cons of FHA Loans

Advantages include low down payment requirements, flexible credit standards, and the ability to combine FHA loans with down payment assistance programs.

Disadvantages include mandatory mortgage insurance. FHA charges an upfront mortgage insurance premium of 1.75 percent of the loan amount, which can be financed, and an annual mortgage insurance premium that ranges from approximately 0.45 percent to 1.05 percent depending on loan term, loan-to-value, and origination date. This annual premium is paid monthly and, in most cases, remains for the life of the loan unless refinanced.

Final Thoughts for Kentucky Homebuyers in 2026

FHA loans continue to be a practical, reliable option for Kentucky homebuyers who need flexibility without sacrificing long-term stability. While FHA guidelines are forgiving compared to conventional loans, preparation matters. Clean documentation, stable income, responsible credit behavior, and proper sourcing of funds are essential to a smooth approval.

Working with an experienced Kentucky FHA lender can help you navigate overlays, improve credit positioning, and pair FHA financing with available assistance programs.


Joel Lobb
NMLS #57916
Text or Call 502-905-3708
kentuckyloan@gmail.com
www.mylouisvillekentuckymortgage.com

Company NMLS #1738461
Equal Housing Lender

Information is provided for educational purposes only and does not guarantee loan approval. All loans are subject to underwriting guidelines, program availability, and lender approval.

Kentucky FHA Loan Credit Score Requirements

What credit score do you need to qualify for a Kentucky FHA loan? Straight talk: the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) requires a minimum credit score of 500 to be eligible. However, your final terms depend on your score and your lender’s additional requirements (known as overlays).

FHA Minimum Credit Guidelines (HUD)

  • 580 and up: Eligible for 96.5% financing — 3.5% down.
  • 500–579: Eligible for 90% financing — 10% down.
  • Under 500: Not eligible for FHA financing.

Two Things You Must Satisfy

There are two layers of approval you must clear:

  1. HUD/FHA rules: The official, baseline eligibility outlined in the HUD Handbook (FHA’s mortgage insurance rules).
  2. Lender overlays: Individual lenders can and do impose stricter standards — often requiring scores from 580 to 620 or higher.

Why Lenders Use Overlays

Lenders add overlays to manage risk. Even if you meet FHA’s minimums, lenders evaluate:

  • Debt-to-income (DTI) ratio
  • Employment and income stability
  • Source of down payment
  • Recent credit history (late payments, collections, bankruptcies)

What Score Range Gets Approved Most Often?

In practice, most FHA approvals fall in the 600–699 range. Lower-score approvals (500–579) are possible but typically carry higher down payments, stricter DTI limits, and sometimes higher rates.

Next Steps — If Your Score Is Below 580

If you’re below 580, you have tactical options:

  • Consider targeted credit repair to remove inaccurate items and lower utilization.
  • Increase your down payment to reduce lender risk.
  • Shop lenders — some local Kentucky lenders have more flexible overlays than others.
  • Explore alternative programs: VA loans, USDA loans, and KHC programs may have different criteria.

Bottom Line

Meet FHA’s minimum of 500 to be eligible, but 580 or higher is the practical target to get the best terms (3.5% down and competitive rates). Your lender’s overlay will often be the deciding factor — so work with a lender who understands Kentucky’s market and can help you position your application.

Get pre-approved — Start your free application

About the author: Joel Lobb — Mortgage Broker specializing in FHA, VA, USDA, and KHC loans across Kentucky. Learn more about Joel or contact us to schedule a consultation.

Disclaimer: This content is provided for informational purposes and is not endorsed by FHA or HUD. Lending rules change; consult a loan officer for current eligibility and program details.

FHA, VA, USDA, and Kentucky Housing Corporation (KHC) down payment assistance programs with Joel Lobb’s expertise

How to Get A Kentucky FHA Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP) Refund

FHA Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP) guidelines is correct. As of March 2025, FHA loans require an upfront MIP of 1.75% of the loan amount. The annual MIP rates and their duration are influenced by factors. These factors include the loan term, loan amount, and loan-to-value (LTV) ratio.​

Annual MIP Rates for FHA Loans with Terms Greater Than 15 Years:

  • Loan Amounts ≤ $726,200:
    • LTV ≤ 90%: Annual MIP of 0.50% for 11 years.​
    • LTV > 90% and ≤ 95%: Annual MIP of 0.50% for the life of the loan.​
    • LTV > 95%: Annual MIP of 0.55% for the life of the loan.​
  • Loan Amounts > $726,200:
    • LTV ≤ 90%: Annual MIP of 0.70% for 11 years.​
    • LTV > 90% and ≤ 95%: Annual MIP of 0.70% for the life of the loan.​
    • LTV > 95%: Annual MIP of 0.75% for the life of the loan.​

Annual MIP Rates for FHA Loans with Terms 15 Years or Less:

  • Loan Amounts ≤ $726,200:
    • LTV ≤ 90%: Annual MIP of 0.15% for 11 years.​
    • LTV > 90%: Annual MIP of 0.40% for the life of the loan.
  • Loan Amounts > $726,200:
    • LTV ≤ 78%: Annual MIP of 0.15% for 11 years.​
    • LTV > 78% and ≤ 90%: Annual MIP of 0.40% for 11 years.​
    • LTV > 90%: Annual MIP of 0.65% for the life of the loan.
How to Get A Kentucky FHA Upfront Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP) Refund

1 –  Email – kentuckyloan@gmail.com 

2.   Call/Text – 502-905-3708

Joel Lobb
Mortgage Loan Officer – Expert on Kentucky Mortgage Loans


🌐 Websitewww.mylouisvillekentuckymortgage.com
🏢 Address: 911 Barret Ave., Louisville, KY 40204


Evo Mortgage
Company NMLS# 1738461
Personal NMLS# 57916

For assistance with Kentucky mortgage loans, reach out via email, call, or text Joel Lobb directly.

Kentucky Local Home Loan Lender Services

✅ First-Time Home Buyers Welcome
✅ FHA, Rural Housing (USDA), VA, and Kentucky Housing Corporation (KHC) Loans
✅ Conventional Loan Options Available
✅ Fast Local Decision-Making
✅ Experienced Guidance Through the Home Buying Process

If you are an individual with disabilities who needs accommodation, please contact us at 502-905-3708. If you are having difficulty using our website to apply for a loan, please contact us at 502-905-3708.

The income limits for the Kentucky Welcome Home Grant


1 –  Email – kentuckyloan@gmail.com 
2.   Call/Text – 502-905-3708

Joel Lobb
Mortgage Loan Officer – Expert on Kentucky Mortgage Loans


🌐 Websitewww.mylouisvillekentuckymortgage.com
🏢 Address: 911 Barret Ave., Louisville, KY 40204


Evo Mortgage
Company NMLS# 1738461
Personal NMLS# 57916

For assistance with Kentucky mortgage loans, reach out via email, call, or text Joel Lobb directly.

Kentucky Welcome Home Grant

How to Qualify for an FHA Mortgage Loan in Kentucky: A Guide for First-Time Homebuyers

There are many ways to get the mortgage to buy your first home. The FHA is one option. If you are a first-time homebuyer in Kentucky, an FHA loan could be the perfect option for you. There are many flexible requirements, low down payments, and financial assistance options available. These are just a few of the many things that can help make homeownership more accessible.


What is an FHA Loan?

An FHA loan is a government-backed mortgage insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). It’s designed for low-to-moderate-income borrowers, offering relaxed qualification standards compared to conventional loans. Here are the main advantages:

  • Low down payment: As little as 3.5% of the purchase price.
  • Lower credit score requirements: Minimum score of 500 with 10% down or 580 with 3.5% down.
  • Seller-paid closing costs: Sellers can contribute up to 6% of the purchase price.
  • Flexible qualifying criteria: Higher debt-to-income (DTI) ratios and options for non-occupant co-signers.

How to Qualify for a Kentucky FHA Loan

1. Credit Score Requirements

  • 580 or higher: You’ll need a minimum credit score of 580 to qualify for the 3.5% down payment option.
  • 500-579: You can still qualify with a 10% down payment, but many lenders prefer a score of 580 or higher.
  • Bankruptcy or Foreclosure:
    • Chapter 7 bankruptcy: Must be 2 years removed, with good credit since.
    • Chapter 13 bankruptcy: Can qualify after 1 year of on-time payments with trustee approval.
    • Foreclosure: Must be 3 years removed, unless there are extenuating circumstances.

2. Income and Debt-to-Income Ratio

  • DTI ratio: Typically, up to 45%% of your income can go toward your mortgage payment, and up to 56.9% can go toward all debts, depending on your credit and financial history.
  • Work history: You must have a stable employment history of at least 2 years in the same field. Recent graduates can use college transcripts as a substitute.

3. Down Payment and Gift Options

  • 3.5% down payment: This can be gifted by a family member, employer, or nonprofit organization, drawn off a retirement account like a 401k or money saved up.
  • Cash deposits: Cash cannot be used as proof of funds for your down payment—only traceable sources are allowed.

4. Property Requirements

  • Must be your primary residence. FHA loans are not for investment properties or second homes.
  • Eligible property types: Single-family homes, townhomes, condos (must be approved condo development on HUD approved list), duplexes, and some manufactured homes (if affixed to a permanent foundation).
  • Appraisal: The property must be appraised by an FHA-approved appraiser to meet HUD standards.

5. Mortgage Insurance Premium (MIP)

  • Upfront MIP: 1.75% of the loan amount, which can be rolled into the loan.
  • Annual MIP: 0.45%-1.05% of the loan amount, depending on the down payment and loan term.

Kentucky FHA Loan Limits for 2025

In all Kentucky counties, the FHA loan limit is $524,225 for a single-family home up to $1,008,300 for a four-unit property



Why Choose an FHA Loan as a Kentucky First-Time Buyer?

Pros

  • Lower credit thresholds: You can qualify with a credit score as low as 500.
  • Smaller down payments: With as little as 3.5% down with a 580 credit score
  • Seller-paid costs: The seller can pay a significant portion of your closing costs.
  • Higher debt to income ratios
  • Lenient on past bankruptcies and foreclosures.

Cons

  • Mortgage insurance: You’ll pay MIP for the life of the loan if your down payment is less than 10%.
  • Property requirements: Homes must meet specific standards, which may limit your options.
  • a lot of sellers will not accept an FHA mortgage as a offer due to property may need work to meet FHA HUD minimum standards
  • Purchase price limits and only can be used for primary residence

FHA Loans vs. Conventional Loans

Feature FHA Loan Conventional Loan
Credit Score 500+ 620+
Down Payment 3.5% (580+ credit score) 3%-20%
Mortgage Insurance Required for life of loan Can be removed at 20% equity
Debt-to-Income Ratio Up to 55% Up to 45%
Property Standards Strict requirements More flexibility

Other Kentucky First-Time Homebuyer Programs

1. Kentucky Housing Corporation (KHC)

  • Down payment assistance up to $10,000.
  • Tax credit programs for first-time buyers.

2. USDA Loans

  • Zero-down-payment option for eligible rural areas.
  • Minimum credit score of 620-640 preferred.

3. VA Loans

  • No down payment or private mortgage insurance required for eligible veterans. No minimum credit score, higher debt to income ratios allowed and no monthly mortgage insurance and low 30 year fixed rates

Need Help Getting Approved for an FHA Loan in Kentucky?

As an experienced mortgage loan officer specializing in FHA loans for Kentucky first-time homebuyers, I’m here to guide you every step of the way.

Contact Me Today:

Joel Lobb
Mortgage Loan Officer – Expert on Kentucky Mortgage Loans

Websitewww.mylouisvillekentuckymortgage.com
Address: 911 Barret Ave., Louisville, KY 40204


Evo Mortgage
Company NMLS# 1738461
Personal NMLS# 57916

Equal Housing Lender

www.nmlsconsumeraccess.org

For assistance with Kentucky mortgage loans, reach out via email, call, or text Joel Lobb directly.

First-Time Home Buyer Loans in Kentucky